Alpha-lipoic acid ALA as a supplementation for weight loss: results from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obes Rev. Effects of alpha-lipoic Acid on body weight in obese subjects. Am J Med. Pagano C, Calarco P, et. Development and characterization of new topical hydrogels based on alpha lipoic acid—hydrotalcite hybrids. Cosmetics ;6 2 , doi A rare cause of status epilepticus; alpha lipoic acid intoxication, case report and review of the literature.
Eur J Paediatr Neurol. Effects of dietary L-carnosine and alpha-lipoic acid on growth oerformance, blood thyroid hormones and lipid profiles in finishing pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. Eur J Endocrinol. National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.
Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center. Lipoic acid synthetase deficiency. Updated February 1, Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellHealth. At any time, you can update your settings through the "EU Privacy" link at the bottom of any page.
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Frequently Asked Questions What are the benefits of taking alpha lipoic acid? Does alpha-lipoic acid help you sleep? Is alpha lipoic acid an anti-inflammatory? Can I get all of the alpha-lipoic acid I need from food? How do I know if I have an alpha-lipoic acid deficiency? Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback!
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In general, high-dose lipoic acid administration has been found to have few serious side effects. Two mild anaphylactoid reactions and one severe anaphylactic reaction, including laryngospasm, were reported after intravenous lipoic acid administration The most frequently reported side effects of oral lipoic acid supplementation are allergic reactions affecting the skin, including rashes, hives, and itching.
Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and vertigo have also been reported, and one trial found that the incidence of nausea, vomiting, and vertigo was dose-dependent A retrospective observational study reported that daily oral supplementation with mg of lipoic acid racemic mixture during pregnancy and without interruption from a period spanning between week 10 and week 30 of gestation and until the end of week 37 was not associated with any adverse effect in mothers and their newborns In absence of further evidence, lipoic acid supplementation during pregnancy should only be considered under strict medical supervision.
The safety of lipoic acid supplements in lactating women has not been established and should thus be discouraged A case of intoxication was reported in a month old child The child was admitted to hospital with seizure , acidosis, and unconsciousness. Symptomatic management and rapid elimination of lipoic acid led to a full recovery without sequelae within five days. The non-accidental ingestion of a very high dose of lipoic acid led to multi-organ failure and subsequent death of an adolescent girl In theory, because lipoic acid supplementation may improve insulin -mediated glucose utilization see Diabetes mellitus , there is a potential risk of hypoglycemia in diabetic patients using insulin or oral anti-diabetic agents Consequently, blood glucose concentrations should be monitored closely when lipoic acid supplementation is added to diabetes treatment regimens.
The chemical structure of biotin is similar to that of lipoic acid, and there is some evidence that high concentrations of lipoic acid can compete with biotin for transport across cell membranes , Originally written in by: Jane Higdon, Ph. Updated in July by: Jane Higdon, Ph. Updated in April by: Jane Higdon, Ph. Updated in January by: Victoria J.
Drake, Ph. Updated in October by: Barbara Delage, Ph. Reviewed in January by: Tory M. Hagen, Ph. Reed LJ. A trail of research from lipoic acid to alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes. J Biol Chem. Carreau JP. Biosynthesis of lipoic acid via unsaturated fatty acids. Methods Enzymol. Lipoic acid as a potential therapy for chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress. Curr Med Chem. Kramer K, Packer L.
R-alpha-lipoic acid. Nutraceuticals in Health and Disease Prevention. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. Lipoic acid biosynthesis defects. J Inherit Metab Dis. Enantioselective pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of different racemic alpha-lipoic acid formulations in healthy volunteers.
Eur J Pharm Sci. Plasma kinetics, metabolism, and urinary excretion of alpha-lipoic acid following oral administration in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol.
Influence of food intake on the bioavailability of thioctic acid enantiomers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. Brufani M, Figliola R. R -alpha-lipoic acid oral liquid formulation: pharmacokinetic parameters and therapeutic efficacy. Acta Biomed. Increasing bioavailability of R -alpha-lipoic acid to boost antioxidant activity in the treatment of neuropathic pain. Dose-proportionality of oral thioctic acid--coincidence of assessments via pooled plasma and individual data.
Pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and fructosamine-lowering effect of a novel, controlled-release formulation of alpha-lipoic acid. Endocr Pract. Age and gender dependent bioavailability of R- and R,S-alpha-lipoic acid: a pilot study. Pharmacol Res. Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis and respiration. Biochim Biophys Acta. Alpha-lipoic acid in liver metabolism and disease. Free Radic Biol Med. Uptake, recycling, and antioxidant actions of alpha-lipoic acid in endothelial cells.
Dihydrolipoic acid maintains ubiquinone in the antioxidant active form by two-electron reduction of ubiquinone and one-electron reduction of ubisemiquinone. Arch Biochem Biophys. Protection and recycling of alpha-tocopherol in human erythrocytes by intracellular ascorbic acid. Tocopherol-mediated peroxidation of lipoproteins: implications for vitamin E as a potential antiatherogenic supplement.
Faseb J. Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress. Metals in our minds: therapeutic implications for neurodegenerative disorders. Lancet Neurol. Thioctic lipoic acid: a therapeutic metal-chelating antioxidant? Biochem Pharmacol. Dihydrolipoic acid lowers the redox activity of transition metal ions but does not remove them from the active site of enzymes.
Redox Rep. Dietary supplementation with R -alpha-lipoic acid reverses the age-related accumulation of iron and depletion of antioxidants in the rat cerebral cortex. Free Radic Res. Patrick L. Mercury toxicity and antioxidants: Part 1: role of glutathione and alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of mercury toxicity.
Altern Med Rev. Rooney JP. The role of thiols, dithiols, nutritional factors and interacting ligands in the toxicology of mercury. R -alpha-lipoic acid reverses the age-associated increase in susceptibility of hepatocytes to tert-butylhydroperoxide both in vitro and in vivo.
Antioxid Redox Signal. Influence of alpha-lipoic acid on intracellular glutathione in vitro and in vivo. R -alpha-Lipoic acid treatment restores ceramide balance in aging rat cardiac mitochondria. Decline in transcriptional activity of Nrf2 causes age-related loss of glutathione synthesis, which is reversible with lipoic acid. R -alpha-lipoic acid reverses the age-related loss in GSH redox status in post-mitotic tissues: evidence for increased cysteine requirement for GSH synthesis.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. Alpha-lipoic acid, but not di-hydrolipoic acid, activates Nrf2 response in primary human umbilical-vein endothelial cells and protects against TNF-alpha induced endothelium dysfunction.
Lipoic acid prevents high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in Goto Kakizaki rats by reducing oxidative stress through Nrf2 activation. Int J Mol Sci. Essential role of Nrf2 in the protective effect of lipoic acid against lipoapoptosis in hepatocytes.
Biomed Pharmacother. The protective effect of alpha-lipoic Acid in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury is mediated by heme oxygenase Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. Segal AW. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. Int J Endocrinol. Mediators Inflamm. Konrad D. Utilization of the insulin-signaling network in the metabolic actions of alpha-lipoic acid-reduction or oxidation?
Alpha-lipoic acid as a directly binding activator of the insulin receptor: protection from hepatocyte apoptosis. Engagement of the insulin-sensitive pathway in the stimulation of glucose transport by alpha-lipoic acid in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Evidence that alpha-lipoic acid inhibits NF-kappaB activation independent of its antioxidant function. Inflamm Res. Vascular endothelial dysfunction in aging: loss of Akt-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation and partial restoration by R -alpha-lipoic acid.
Biochem Soc Trans. Lipoic acid: its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory role and clinical applications. Curr Top Med Chem. Packer L, Cadenas E. Lipoic acid: energy metabolism and redox regulation of transcription and cell signaling. J Clin Biochem Nutr. Direct and indirect antioxidant properties of alpha-lipoic acid and therapeutic potential. Mol Nutr Food Res.
Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Lipoic acid synthetase deficiency causes neonatal-onset epilepsy, defective mitochondrial energy metabolism, and glycine elevation.
Am J Hum Genet. Mutations in the lipoyltransferase LIPT1 gene cause a fatal disease associated with a specific lipoylation defect of the 2-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. Hum Mol Genet. Ziegler D. Thioctic acid for patients with symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy: a critical review. Treat Endocrinol. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance: implications for care. Diabetes Care. Enhancement of glucose disposal in patients with type 2 diabetes by alpha-lipoic acid. Thioctic acid--effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose-metabolism.
The effects of lipoic acid and alpha-tocopherol supplementation on the lipid profile and insulin sensitivity of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. More research is needed to determine whether ALA is an effective treatment or preventative measure for the conditions and issues listed above. Doctors consider ALA to be safe for most people, with little to no risk of side effects. Mild effects may include nausea, rashes, and itching if a person takes high doses. According to researchers , adults may take it up to 2, milligrams without serious side effects.
There is not enough research and evidence on the extra benefits and potential side effects of taking higher doses, so medical professionals do not recommend it. There is not enough evidence on its safety for use in children, however, so adults should always keep ALA in a safe place.
It is essential for people considering taking ALA supplements to talk to their doctor to see if it is right for them. ALA is an organic compound that acts as an antioxidant and has a variety of other effects on the body.
While the body makes it naturally, some people also choose to take ALA supplements. Research suggests that ALA may help with weight loss, diabetes, memory loss, and some other health conditions. However, there is not enough research to understand its full benefits or effectiveness in humans. ALA is generally safe for adults, but it is best to speak with a doctor before taking any new supplements.
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