By he had so alienated two governors Hunter and King and was involved in so many disputes that he was arrested and sent to England to be court marshalled. Ever the entrepreneur, Macarthur used his journey to England to further his agricultural interests. He carried fleeces from his own sheep which, in , were deemed to be "of a very superior quality, equal to the best which comes from Spain. He was granted 5, acres ha of the best pasture land at Camden with another 5, acres being offered if the sheep and wool project was a success.
He reached Sydney Town on 8 June, and by , with the help of 34 convicts, he was settled on the rich lands known as the Cowpastures. By he had returned to England where, amongst a bewildering array of entrepreneurial projects, he carefully investigated the potential of wool from Australia. He finally returned to New South Wales in and almost immediately his sheep and wool interests started to make him a very rich man. His vision of the colony of New South Wales was "an extensive wool-exporting country controlled by men of real capital, with 'estates of at least 10, acres ha each' who would maintain transported convicts as their labour force and keep them landless and 'in proper subjection'.
A colonial aristocracy would thus provide a necessary bulwark to the 'furious democrats' and their corroding influences. In the Society of Arts in London presented Macarthur with two gold medals, one for importing 15, lbs. Amidst these tokens of success Macarthur successfully pressed his claim, confirmed in , to the supplementary 5, acres ha that he had been promised in They were also taken up in the Cowpastures. By the end of the decade Camden Park was 'the first agricultural establishment in the Colony', incorporating over 60, acres 24, ha acquired by grant and purchase.
The quotes above come from that source. Mt Annan Botanic Garden Mt Annan Botanic Garden is Australia's largest botanic garden and, according to its brochure, "the most popular tourist and recreation facility in south-western Sydney". Within its ha there are over 20 km of walking trails, a loop road, two ornamental lakes with lakeside picnic areas, the Bowden education centre, a nursery and arboretum, an abundance of birdlife and most of Australia's known native plant species the Park Trustees dream of having all 25, species including a good collection of young Wollemi Pines.
The flora is featured in a variety of settings - a terrace garden, a wattle garden, a banksia garden and a mallee eucalypt arboretum. There are also woodland and lakeside plant communities. From Mount Annan it is possible to see Campbelltown, the Sydney skyline and, to the south-west, the Menangle district and the Razorback Range. The Sundial of Human Involvement, a sculpture made of basalt columns which allows you to tell the time by raising your hands in the air, has particular appeal for children.
There are picnic facilities and bike tracks. The gardens are open from The land was granted to James Chisholm in and the family became pioneers in the wool industry. It has been transformed into a wedding and conference venue. However it is possible to have a tour of the convict-built stone rubble homestead c.
The elegant home has multi-paned French windows, four-panel doors, beautiful gardens and a separate kitchen. The decorative porches and veranda were added in the s. There is evidence that the bitter conflict between European settlers and the Tharawal resulted in the arrival of the Gundangarra people in the district. They called it 'Benkennie', meaning dry land. They were finally sighted in on the western side of the Nepean and by that time the herd had increased to over They were grazing on an area that became known as 'Cow Pasture Plains' which is where Camden now stands.
King's wife became the first white woman to cross the Nepean River. John Oxley received two properties which he named Kirkham and Elderslie.
These large estates evolved into villages. One was located at Cawdor and another on the future site of The Oaks. This led to the massacre at Appin. David Collins described the area as: "remarkably pleasant to the eye; every where the foot trod on thick and luxuriant grass; the trees were thinly scattered This year saw the establishment of a toll bridge across the Nepean River. There was provision made for a church and a hotel. The Post Office also opened this year although there had been a postal service in the town as early as The Camden Museum site - www.
Of particular interest are: 1. The town's population reached that year. The earliest villages in the district predated Camden and then looked to Camden for cultural and economic leadership as the district's major centre. The arrival of the Camden tramway in meant that silver ore from Yerranderie , and later coal, was shipped through the Camden railhead to Campbelltown, although from the late s more coal was moved by road than rail.
The locomotive, affectionately known as 'Pansy', travelled on the branch-line from Campbelltown, and in the s had 24 weekday goods and passenger services. Camden railway station and goods yard, now a car yard, were located on the floodplain on the north-eastern corner of the village. The train whistle marked the arrival of Sydney's newspapers and other goods and could be heard all over town.
In the Macarthur family set up the Camden Vale Milk Company and built a milk processing plant at the eastern end of the main street adjacent to the rail line. Whole milk was railed to Darling Harbour and bottled under its own label until Between and Camden Vale Milk, which became a cooperative in , had milk suppliers and cream suppliers.
Milk was delivered to the factory daily by horse and cart up until the s. As an outpost of the British Empire, the community supported the notion that the 'Best of British' was the rule of daily life. Local branches of national patriotic funds and civil defence organisations were founded. This enthusiasm for militarism was not repeated in later conflicts such as the Korean War and Vietnam War when the influence of the British Empire had largely disappeared in Camden as in the rest of the country.
Community organisations have been part of Camden life from the foundation of the town in the s. In the late s they were male-dominated, usually led by the landed gentry, and held informal political power through patronage. A number of conservative women's organisations were established after Federation, led by a small clique of well-off local women.
Their social position supported their husbands' political activities and the influence of the Macarthur family was felt in these organisations, such as the Camden Red Cross and Country Women's Association. In the postwar era, the growth of the town, increasing levels of education, and economic prosperity provided by coal broke down many of the old hierarchies and challenged the existing political power structures.
New community organisations like Rotary, and later the Chamber of Commerce, fostered business networks in the town. Ownership of the town's pioneering past was taken up by the Camden Historical Society, and later, the Camden Residents' Action Group saw the threat of urbanisation to the town's cultural identity.
These organisations became new power brokers in the town. In the Camden local government area had over voluntary organisations helping create the social capital that encourages community participation.
Camden has had an ambivalent relationship with Sydney. The town clearly benefited from its proximity to Sydney markets and services. On the other hand, townspeople resented interference in local affairs from 'outsiders', who were numerous as in most country towns in the form of the local policemen, teachers, public servants and doctors, despite the many benefits they brought to the town.
Sydney-based decisions, like the flooding of the Burragorang Valley in the s after the construction of Warragamba Dam and the closure of the tramway in , reinforced these sentiments. Pearson was appointed postmistress. The Postmaster of Elderslie was accused of stealing a letter and cheque in November A second count laid it as the property of Launcelot Iredale. It appears that by Pettingale was no longer Post Master. By Camden was part of a daily mail coach service from Sydney to Goulburn.
A Telegraph Office was opened in and in it was proposed to combine the two offices into a Government built building. Tenders were called and a post office on the present site was completed on 8 February At that time it consisted of a 20 feet by 15 feet office, four rooms, a servants room and a kitchen.
Additional improvements including a second story of the residence and a balcony above the public area were approved in Postal business was conducted in rented premises until their completion on 20 September Extracted from official post office history.
Inglis and Sons Stock Auctioneers in in Sydney. Governor Bourke granted Thomas Inglis land west of Camden in He named this property "Craigend". A good portion of this original grant is still owned and operated by the Inglis family. William Inglis made his son J. Inglis a partner when the lad was only seventeen. Inglis and Sons and became well known as an expert in the horse industry. This firm has been doing business in the Camden area since its inception, at one time using the saleyard that was located behind the Plough and Harrow Inn.
Having maintained a long-standing presence in the Camden Area, Wm. Inglis and Sons established a branch in Camden in the 's. The Inglis family has been and continues to be a presence in the community of Camden, including a strong involvement in the Camden Show.
Descendants of the first William Inglis, William "Dick" Inglis and his sons, still conduct business for the firm of Wm.
Inglis and Sons at their premises in Edward Street Camden next to the saleyard. Monday evenings in Camden can still bring back the sounds of days gone by when cattle in the saleyard can be heard for kilometers around. The original grant was made in and extended in It is constructed from brick and has a romantic silhouette of turrets, chimney stacks, gables, arched verandahs and projecting bays. The house was owned later on by the Faithfull-Anderson family.
Upon her husband's death in Mrs. Frances Faithfull-Anderson paid for the erection of a memorial drinking fountain in the middle of the intersection of Argyle and John St.
The fountain was subsequently moved to Macarthur Park where it now rests. A smaller matching memorial was erected at Camelot at the same time. Camelot also has a fine brick stable with arched wooden ribbing, a brick smokehouse and an octagonal aviary. Today it is being lovingly cared for and will possibly be open to the public on a limited basis in the future. The hospital owes its existence to the generosity of Mr.
Paling gave his farm "Grasmere" together with 10, pounds as a Centennial gift to the people of NSW. The Architect for the project was Harry C. There were several cottages in this complex; Grasmere Cottage used for the treatment of children in the early years , Redman Cottage and the Freemasons Cottage.
Alpha Cottage no longer standing was used to house patients prior to the building of the hospital. It is thought to have been situated on the opposite side of the road from the hospital. As early as there was a slab hut on this site for the use of the Government Herdsman, whose job it was to watch over the Colony's herd of wild cattle. The herd had built up from the few cattle that had strayed in and were discovered in by a party led by Governor Hunter.
In a house was built for the stock superintendent with room to accommodate Governor Macquarie on his southbound journeys. The site of this house was in front of and to the left of the present church. The first church was built here in with the first burials in the cemetery taking place c.
The church as it appears today is the result of rebuilding the original church and dates c. The church is still in use and the cemetery is the resting-place for many early settlers and their descendants. Bank Situated on the corner of John and Argyle St. Camden this building is a fine example of late nineteenth century bank building.
It was designed by G. Mansfield and built in A one-storey extension was added in the 's and has followed the style and detailing of the original building. The architects were Laurie and Heath.
Having a fine stone entrance porch and cast iron verandahs this building is still used for the purpose of banking as per its original design. The first Manager of the C. Bank in was Mr.
Crookston's House The Macarthurs built this two-storey brick house c. Robert Henry Druitt died in at age 49 having been gored by a bull at "Camden Park". The two-storey house is built in the style of St. John's Rectory with a verandah on two sides and a one-storey kitchen wing at the rear.
Crookston lived and conducted his medical practice here from Heavily involved in the local community, Dr. Crookston was awarded the O.
De Kerillian was a French nobleman who fled the Revolution and joined the N. Corps as Gabriel Lewis, arriving on the "Surprise" in He was at one time a tutor to John Macarthur's sons. De Kerillian was issued with 8 convicts who constructed a residence on the property.
This first building later became the kitchen for the homestead. The second building was a coach house and the third a cottage for the convicts in which they were chained at night. These buildings still stand and are distinguished from later buildings because they are made from local sandstone.
In the property was sold to James Chisholm for pounds. Convict labour was also used to build the Homestead. There is no record of the Architect or completion date. Conjecture puts the date at c. Extensions and renovations were last done in the 's. Chisholms and their descendants lived at "Gledswood" for approx. There are close ties to the Macarthur family through marriages and wine growing.
There is a story that James Chisholm was bailed up by Jack Donahoe the "Wild Colonial Boy" but was allowed to proceed on his way because he was good to his convicts "of which I was once one". Glenmore Village The locality known as Glenmore forms part of two separate grants made to Robert Johnston in and Hannibal Macarthur in Johnston's grant was purchased by Edward Moore in Glendiver Estate. He divided the property into three portions that were sold to three of his sons, James, Robert and Joseph, in James Moore continued to call his portion "Glendiver" while Robert and Joseph came to refer to their properties, and the locality, as Glenmore.
The brothers purchased acres of the Macarthur grant, selling acres to their father, Edward, in They had earlier sold acres to E. Whybrow and J.
Joseph Moore's Glenmore House began as a simple settler's hut of ironbark slabs c.
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